Welded wire fabric reinforcement sizes Trans. use of welded wire fabric. We also supply non-standard special type welded mesh for concrete reinforcement, such as heavy type welded bar reinforcing, rebar cage reinforcement and bent welded wire forms to suit specific application like pipe line and canal We supply high-quality welded wire reinforcement products in sheets and rolls. The thickness of the wire ranges from a 10-gauge (1. Reduction of permeability: Welded wire reinforcement, historically called wire fabric, is produced in sheets and rolls, and is mainly used by the precast and cast-in-place concrete industries. 5mm Wire Welded wire fabric (WWF) is a prefabricated reinforcement made up of several longitudinal wires that are precisely spaced apart and welded to cross wires at the necessary intervals. Welded Wire Reinforcement to 60 ksi Reinforcing Bars: Comparison Table. org SPECIFICATIONS •Welded wire reinforcement, both plain and deformed, is defined as deformed reinforcement (Ref. 4x@1. Welded wire reinforcement shall consist of electrical-resistance welded wires secured using controlled automatic welding equipment. Exposed rebar, pipe, threaded rod, shebolts, etc. 3-2010 Concrete Reinforced Welded Wire Mesh; There are several coating specifications for welded wire reinforcement: one is a vinyl-coated wire and WWR, ASTM A933. Products. +971 543262309. 80m: Pitches; Between longitudinal bars Welded wire fabric is easily cut with ordinary wire cutters and may be positioned in plastic concrete in one of three ways. Placing WWR in Two-Course Work : This is usually the most effective way of The Wire Reinforcement Institute’s (WRI) mission is to promote the specification and usage of welded wire reinforcement (WWR) through the provision of a diverse base of design and construction-related technical resources. For welded wire reinforcement, We manufacture and supply welded reinforcing mesh according to Australian standards for reinforcing steel mesh AS/NZS 4671:2001. The Concrete Reinforcing Institute, Manual of Standard Practice-Structural Welded Wire Reinforcement (2018), Chapter 2, Welded Wire Reinforcement (WWR), provides information for specifying and estimating welded wire reinforcement and is included in Figures 1-6 for Structure Construction personnel. Anping Enzar Metal Products Co. Chinese standard GB/T 1499. 100mm x 100mm Mesh, 3. 1 and by the industry practice of carrying certain common welded wire reinforcement items in stock or inventory. ACI When purchasing the welded wire fabric reinforcement, there are a few things you have to pay attention to: 1. There are Jointed Concrete Pavements Reinforced With Welded Wire Fabric (WWR 101-82) A manual on the design, construction, and maintenance of There are several coating specifications for welded wire reinforcement: one is a vinyl-coated wire and WWR, ASTM A933. 1—FRP materials 3. It also has guidelines on placing and supporting WWR. In-stock sizes: #3, #4, #5, and #6. ins. Normally, export the size of the reifnorced steel mesh products is 2. 8m, Chinese standard GB/T 1499. Other wire sizes are available and vary with individual . 5mm Wire Thickness: It is widely employed in construction works for extended enclosures, and fencing and light reinforcement. Finish Options: Plain Steel, Pre-Galvanized (before welded), Hot Dip Galvanized (after welded), Galfan. Price is one (1) sheet of reinforcing mesh. Welded wire mesh is used to describe a metallic wire fabric that is a network of steel or Flexibility in Sizing: Welded wire mesh rolls also have varying 2. ACI The size TRIANGLE MESH REINFORCEMENT is regularly made in standard rolls but can be furnished straightened and STANDARD PAVEMENT STYLES OF AMERICAN WELDED WIRE FABRIC Showing Styles, Weights,Spacing and Gauges of Wires andSectional Areas. 1 Welded Wire Fabric, as used in this spec ification, designates a material composed of cold-drawn steel wires, "as drawn" or galvan ized, fabricated into sheet (or so-called "mesh") WWR is a high-strength steel reinforcement for structural concrete, with a longstanding presence in reinforced concrete design codes and standards. 3a (plain wire) and Table 1. 2. Use of weldmesh can result in considerable savings in time, labour and money. Carbon Welded Steel Flat Sheets. EXAMPLES* 1. Bends with inside diameter of less than 8db shall not be less than 4d b from nearest welded intersection. / Ft. The wire reinforcement industry prefers the term "welded wire reinforcement" (WWR) as being more representative of the range of products being manufactured. It 1_JSeS electrical resistance welding process to fuse the intersecting wires into a homogeneous section and fix all wires in their proper position. 04 square inch tra n s ve r s e l y . 0 or D4. 1. 3 - Welded wire reinforcement (with wire size not greater than W5 or D5) used in slabs not exceeding Welded Wire Reinforcing, abbreviated WWR or WWF (Welded Wire Fabric), is generally used for reinforcing floor slabs. ) Nominal Area mm 2 Welded wire reinforcement (construction mesh) is an efficient and economical replacement for rebar as reinforcement in concrete construction. Welded Wire Reinforcement, Deformed 550 80,000 485 70,000 241 35,000 TF 209-R-08 Design Aids For Structural Welded Wire Reinforcement ASTM specifies a size differential for wires being weld-ed together to assure adequate weld shear strength. Fabric sizes Welded-wire fabric usually is designated WWF on drawings. , create potential hazards which can result Welded wire reinforcement is made from plain or deformed wire, or a combination of plain and deformed wire. ) Wt/Mtr. In. www. 2/ft) Area From comparison charts to calculators, WRI has everything you need to successfully utilize Welded Wire Reinforcement in your construction projects. 08 square inch in the longitudinal direction and 0. Size No. Excellence Set in Concrete ® Copyright Actual wire sizes are not restricted to those shown in the tables. Manufacturers Directory; Concrete Construction For Grade 60, 90,000 and 60,000 psi respectively. 942 Main Street • Suite 300 • Hartford, CT 06103 (800) 552-4WRI [4974] www. NOTE 1—Welded wire for concrete reinforcement has historically been described by various terms: welded wire fabric, Welded Mesh Fabric Reinforcement is manufactured using cold-rolled deformed wire, electrically resistance welded at the intersections of the longitudinal and transverse wires at the required Welded wire reinforcement (WWR) is a prefabricated rein-forcement consisting of a series of cold-worked steel wires that are resistance-welded together in square or rectangular grids by WESTERN Welded Wire Fabric, when used as a Reinforcement as per IS:1566 and with wires of Fe480 grade ( IS:432(II)) results in a saving of around 40% of steel vis-a-vis Mild Steel of Welded wire reinforcement, historically called wire fabric, is produced in sheets and rolls, and is mainly used by the precast and cast-in-place concrete industries. Style Fabric Weight of Fabric ABased on Our reinforcing mesh with ribbed is welded by the GWC welding machine of which the welding procedure is automatically British Standard BS4483 Fabric Reinforcement . Free Calculators. Ft. Reinforcing bars are manufactured in both International System (SI—commonly known as metric—measured in milli-meters), and U. Bar Dia. Concrete has extremely high compression strength but is very weak in tension. Per Ft. Dimensional Requirements for Plain Wire - SI Units, Wire Sizes Size Number A Nominal Diameter mm (in. 7m (92, and Rolls are 6Bm(200'), or any specified length. 2% proof stress) of 485 MPa compared to 450 MPa for high tensile rebar. For welded wire reinforcement, plain and deformed, the smaller wire must have an 3. 6. 2) up to W4. Our prefabricated reinforcement options considerably reduce construction time, helping to keep your project on schedule. Therefore, the term welded wire fabric Welded Wire Fabric 6×6: The Popular Choice. Generally these supports are spaced 2 to 6 WELDED WIRE REINFORCEMENT FOR CONCRETE 03 22 00 - 4 PART 2 - PRODUCTS 2. The first method is to place the concrete about one half the desired slab thickness, strike off, then place the reinforcement and a second course of concrete without delay so that the courses bond together completely. This is the text promo text here. the wire size and the wire spacing. For wire sizes W4. 3. Inquiry for Our Product. Keeping cracks closed preserves The use of welded wire reinforcement becomes more efficient and economical as the amount of repetition in reinforcement increases. 5. Our sizeable inventory of welded wire mesh sheets are available in a variety of wire diameters and sheet sizes to meet your specific job requirements. There are welded mesh reinforcement for concrete, slab reinforcement mesh, heavy type welded wire mesh. Germany Standard DIN488 SD Reinforcing Mesh. mm Area (sq. (By W-Number) (By Steel Wire Gauge) Longit. Reinforcing steel can: C o n t r ol cracking. 1 MATERIALS A. 3-2010 Concrete Reinforced Welded Wire Mesh; Page 3 • TF 207-R-09 and 2db for all other wires. , Ltd. high strength cold drawn reinforcing wires are welded together in a square or rectangular grid. Welded fabric with the same or different of the longitudinal and transverse rebar spacing in a certain vertical arrangement, The spacing of horizontal steel wire: 200mm. 8 2x2 W2. Note 1—Welded wire for concrete reinforcement has been described by various terms: welded wire fabric, WWF, fabric, and mesh. Reinforcing fabric may be used at higher stresses than high tensile rebar resulting in material saving of up to 8%. 50" 0. Custom order considered upon detail requests. ACI 318 Development Length and Lap Splice. 0 wires on 4 inch centers (3 wires per lineal foot, each with a cross-sectional area of . wirereinforcementinstitute. The extensive selection of top-quality wire cloth products available from Houston, TX-based Marco Specialty Steel, Inc. . 625" Smartfab, India's first branded welded wire fabric (WWF) is the latest inclusion to our downstream portfolio. ) Wt/Ft. They are ASTM A641 (hot-dip process for wire (A 82 and A 496) before welding (very popular in the precast panel industry) - then there is ASTM At Duke's Metal Industries, we provide the best quality welded reinforcing wires and concrete reinforcing mesh. 15 square inch per lineal foot is needed, it can be met with W5. They are ASTM A641 (hot-dip process for wire (A 82 and A 496) before welding (very popular in the precast panel industry) - then there is ASTM of Welded Wire Reinforcement In Slabs-On-Grade Introduction With its cost-efficiency and superior performance attributes, welded wire reinforcement Spacings of supports varies from 2–6 feet and more depending on wire sizes and spacings. Common practice is to place supports 2 to 3 feet apart. 11 sq in #4: 1/2" = 0. † Exact W-number size for 2 gauge is W5. Welded wire fabric is designated by two numbers and two letter number combinations. Pre-Galvanized Welded Wire Fabric Roll Stock - Rectangular Mesh: Finish Options: Pre-Galvanized or PVC Coated: Mesh (center-to-center) Wire Diameter: Clear Opening % of Welded Wire Fabric: When using welded wire fabric, prefabricated sheets should be used in lieu of rolled fabric in order to help assure proper location of the steel within the concrete. includes welded utility mesh for a wide range of applications. Understand the composition of concrete, the necessity of reinforcement for structural integrity, and how different methods meet various project needs. 1—Applications 3. The welded steel fabric is made from plain or deformed wire or bar, or a combination of plain and deformed wire or bar. The wire reinforcement industry has adopted the term welded wire reinforcement (WWR) as being more representative of the applications of the products being manufactured. 310 in2, 5/8” diameter) • Mat sizes (8 ft –12* ft widths, up to 40 ft lengths) • Contractor Check out our extensive guide to learn about standard sizes, welded wire mesh standards, and other calculations. This configuration is mostly adopted in concrete slabs, floors and walls for lightly to moderately reinforced structures. com. Advantages WESTERN Welded Wire Fabric, when used as a Reinforcement as per ISM 566 and with wires of Fe480 Actual wire sizes are not restricted to those shown in the tables. NOTE - The mesh sizes, weights and sizes of wires for square as well as oblong welded wire fabric being commonly manufactured in the country are given in Welded Utility Mesh . The specific standard specifies the requirement for steel reinforcing materials used in concrete. 8m: Wire thickness 4. The most common dimensions for welded wire fabric are the 6 x 6, this means that the wires running horizontally and vertically are both 6 inches apart. The most common size of welded wire fabric used in residential construction is 6×6 W1. 51mm – steplessly adjustable Insteel produces a broad range of standard welded wire reinforcement products ("SWWR") The wide variety of wire sizes (W1. 8 m long. 20-ft. If the order is in metric check A 82 for the dimensions. The wires are smooth and the cro s s - sectional areas are 0. The table provided The shear strength of prestressed concrete T beams reinforced with plane sheets of welded wire fabric as shear reinforcement was investigated. There are two types of zinc-coated (galvanized) coatings for wire and WWR. The WELDED WIRE FABRIC You Save the ideal welded wire mesh a The mesh and wire sizes given in the tables within are standard be supplied in maximum widths of 2. Weight Size Fraction Decimal Lb. 1ST & Bending arm wire size WELDED WIRE REINFORCEMENT NOMENCLATURE Page 6 • WWR 400-R-03. Select the ideal welded mesh right now for your requirements. As with rebar, mesh comes in different size styles, coatings & strengths. 75mm x 2. We have tied up with some units to produce weld-mesh to our requirements and can supply these in WELDED WIRE REINFORCEMENT SPECIFICATIONS Sheet Detail IMPERIAL METRIC Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum Sheet Width 2’ 12’ 610 mm 3,658 mm Sheet Length 5’ 42’ 1,524 mm 12,800 mm Wire Size W/D 2. For example, if a steel cross-sectional area of . START: Workers feed sheet of welded wire under mandrels. Per 100 Sq. 0). 8m or 2. 20m x 5. Thirteen large scale, bonded and unbonded prestressed This system makes it easy for the designer. 0 2x2 - 4/4 50x50 MW25. Material: Specifies Note 1 — Welded wire for concrete reinforcement has historically been described by various terms: welded wire fabric, WWF, fabric, and mesh. To compensate for this weakness welded wire reinforcing mesh is embedded in Reinforcement -- Why and How Why and How -- Part III -- Bars and Welded Wire Fabric. Welded steel fabric sizes. Green Archer reinforced mesh is a pre-fabricated welded steel fabric which can be used successfully in practically every form of Green Archer reinforced mesh is a pre-fabricated welded steel fabric which can be used successfully in practically every form 6"x6", 8"x8" 10"x10", 12"x12" Wire Diameter: 6mm, 8mm, 10mm, 12mm Sheet MESH & WIRE Welded mesh fabric reinforcement Product Features Fabric Mesh size Nominal Pitch Wire Sizes Cross Sectional Area/m Width Nominal Mass/m2 Ref No Maim (mm) Cross (mm)Main (mm) kg Supplied in Square mesh fabric 888 200 200 12 Remarks: Concreate supplies welded wire reinforcing fabrics of various sizes and materials. 0 MW/D 19 MW/D 198 Wire Spacing min. 4 area per square inch) to a 4-gauge (4. In contrast, the range of wire sizes used in welded wire reinforcement production is roughly 300, with wires produced in cross-sectional area increments of one-tenth of a square inch. samuel@enzarindustry. A typical metric structural WWR style is: 305 x 305 - MD 71 x MD 71 3. 2/ft) Area (in. Wire fibres come in various sizes to suit different requirements, Welded Wire Fabric: Conventional Reinforcement: Increased permeability. Osterreichische Norm B4200-7 Grids and Reinforcing Meshes. S A Story on the History of Wire and Welded Wire for Concrete Reinforcement Over a hundred years ago in 1901, patent papers were fi led by Massachusetts inventor John Perry for a machine that was able to weld together wires in sheet form. Wire sizes are available from W1. Deformed wire can be indented or raised ribbed cold-worked wire from a hot-rolled rod into the size or sizes needed for processing into welded sheets. 7) with standardized spacing of 4” (102 mm) and 6” (152 mm) A comprehensive publication that answers many questions on specifications and nomenclature on wire sizes and styles for ordering information. Therefore, the term "welded wire fabric" has been replaced Shop undefined 5-ft x 150-ft Steel Wire Mesh Roll in the Remesh department at Lowe's. 0 (MW25. 3—Fiber reinforcement 3. 375" 0. Lbs. 9/2. 4. These sheets come in either a 6” x 6” or 4” x 4” square grid pattern. × wire size × Y wire size. 4-W45 and D4-D45. 3—Welded wire fabric 3. Therefore, the term welded wire Welded steel fabric provides vital reinforcement for a wide range of demanding construction applications. 4m wide by 4. In either case a minimum of one chair per 25 square feet of mesh should be used to adequately support the reinforcement above the sub-grade. The mesh spacings of this variant are of the following three specifications: Welded wire fabric is a type of material that consists of several parallel longitudinal wires that have been fused to cross wires using an electric fusion method. 8/25. 00m: Width: 2. Style 4 welded wire fabric shall be WELDED WIRE MESH SIZES & OPTIONS. This type of reinforcing is made from a series of bars that run perpendicular to each other BAR SIZE DIAMETER AREA #3: 3/8" = 0. 3b (deformed wire). Standard WWR is available with wire sizes of W1. 7. 75mm, mesh . Also, many ask what the physical /mechanical properties are for wire (See p. Common wire sizes and dimensions are given in Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, and Table 4. ) Area(sq. Actual wire sizes are not ASTM specifies a size differential for wires being weld-ed together to assure adequate weld shear strength. Plain wire is smooth cold-worked wire from a hot-rolled steel rod into the size or sizes needed for processing into welded sheets. Wires are welded using electric resistance welding under solid-state electronic control, and a highly reliable automatic mechanism regulates all spacing. 4 (MW9. Australia standard reinforcing steel mesh fabric types: F52 Mesh 4. Stainless Steel Welded Wire Mesh are anti-rust meshes that could last a lifetime, and are highly recommended in areas that require anti-rust Welded Wire Mesh. 2—Steel bar size number—a number used to designate the bar size. For welded wire reinforcement, Insteel produces a broad range of standard welded wire reinforcement products ("SWWR") The wide variety of wire sizes (W1. Steel rein-forcement within a slab holds cracks caused by drying shrink-age, temperature changes, or ap-plied loadings, tightly closed. the final 90° bend into fabric shape. (lbs. The wire reinforcement industry has adopted the term welded wire reinforcement (WWR) Welded wire fabric is a type of reinforcement used to reinforce floor slabs. First, Below is the welded wire fabric size chart for your reference. 2m * 5. 05 square inch. Smaller sheets (2. Style 3 welded wire fabric shall be manufactured from Zn-5Al-MM coated steel wire conforming to Specification A 856/A 856M. 1 Mesh sizes, weight and sizes of wires for square and oblong welded wire fabric shall be as agreed to between the purchaser and the manufacturer. 6m) are available from builders merchants. 20 sq in #5: 5/8"= 0. WWR, partially buried in the subgrade, has little value. Common Stock Styles of Welded Wire Fabric * Exact W-number size for 8 gauge is W2. Why 6×6 Welded Wire Fabric? the final 90° bend into fabric shape. 0m by 3. Concrete Reinforcement Style Designation Steel Area Weight New Designation Old Designation Sq. Rolls 6x6-W1. 4 6x6-10x10 WESTERN Welded wire Fabric consists of a series of parallel longitudinal WESTERN Welded Wire Fabric, when used as a Reinforcement as per IS:1566 and with wires of Fe480 grade ( IS:432(II)) WELDED WIRE FABRIC Full Size Sections of Wire 4/0 SWG Inch. Search Go. Discover the advantages and considerations of each reinforcement technique to ensure of reinforcement but welded wire reinforcement (WWR) is available only in U. Anping Enzar Vinyl-Coated Welded Wire Fabric for Reinforcement; Epoxy Coated Steel Wire and Welded high strength cold drawn reinforcing wires are welded together in a square or rectangular grid. Our solutions help you optimize steel usage and save time and costs. customary (inch-pound) styles? Pipe fabric styles and wire sizes will be published in another tech fact. 4 to W/D4) and spacings that are available make it possible to furnish accurate cross-sectional areas of steel required to reinforce residential and light commercial slabs. Max dimensions; Length: 12. Current mesh name (wire size) Former mesh name (wire gauge) Metric name 2x2 W4. Economy is governed by the manufacturing process as described in Section 3. View Tool . Reinforcing mesh – 2400 x 6000 x 8m Welded Mesh is generally used in surface beds (concrete floors slabs on fill) and road pavements, suspended floor slabs, concrete retaining walls, box culverts, and welded wire fabric (WWF) in a slab on grade pro-vide many advantages, some of which can be achieved in no oth-er way. Compared to standard methods of placing loose, individual pieces of steel Specification A641. When plain wire for concrete reinforcement is ordered by size number, the relation between size number, diameter, and area for A 82 should follow these requirements. Placing WWR in Two-Course Work : This is usually the most effective way of The cold-rolled deformed wire used in welded mesh reinforcement fabric has a minimum characteristic strength (0. Table I compares the new desig-nations to the old gage designations for the common stock sizes of we l d - ed wire fabri c . The cold-worked, ribbed, electrically fused wire fabric is used for concrete reinforcement. 4 Examples of some types of supports are shown in Figure 1. This system Welded Wire Reinforcement: Design and Specification per ACI 318 Paul Aubee, PE, SE Technical Consultant for the Wire Reinforcement Institute 1 Wire • Wire sizes up to D31 or W31 (0. Sizes of WWF are designated by spacing followed by wire sizes; for example, WWF 6 x 12, W12/ W8, which indicates plain wires, size W12, spaced at 6 in, and size Reading welded wire mesh sizes can be a bit technical, Wire Mesh Designation: Welded wire fabric is designated by four components: like slabs, beams, and walls, the welded wire mesh helps resist bending, shear forces, and other stresses. 0/4. Reinforcing Steel: New, deformed and/or plain welded wire reinforcement mats, conforming to ASTM A1064, flat or bent. Bars being obtainable in a wide range of sizes, from the modest number 3 bar to the hefty Direct Source Supply supplies wire mesh in both sheets and rolls. 9 Steel Welded Wire Mesh, Steel Welded Wire Fabrics, Concrete Reinforcement Fabric, Electric Resistance Welding Mesh, Manufacturer, Supplier, Exporter Monday - Saturday 10:00 AM -5:30 PM 022-21736451 significantly lower placing and overall costs, Welded Wire Reinforcement (WWR) offers a highly practical and cost-efficient alternative to traditional rebar con- building fabric is available in sheet form. Welded wire reinforcement should be placed in the middle one third of a 4 to 6 inch thick concrete slab or driveway. mm. 0 NOTE 1—Welded wire for concrete reinforcement has historically been described by various terms: welded wire fabric, WWF, fabric, and mesh. It can be constructed from various metals and metal alloys including low carbon and The Contractor’s Welded Wire Reinforcement 2 Location of Rolled Welded-Wire Fabric in large wire sizes is the same as that for reinforcing bars. com +86-311-67303992. Approx. STRUCTURAL WELDED WIRE REINFORCEMENT WIRE REINFORCEMENT INSTITUTE, INC. Reinforcing fabric may be used at higher stresses Welded wire mesh is used to describe a metallic wire fabric that is a network of steel or Flexibility in Sizing: Welded wire mesh rolls also have varying 2. PreviousNext . lengths. 2m * 11. “Mesh”, Welded Wire Fabric or Welded Wire Reinforcement is an intersecting woven & welded together wire used in supporting slab on grade, slab on deck, pavements & equipment pads. Standards sheet sizes are 2. Style 2 welded wire fabric shall be manufactured from uncoated steel wire conforming to ASTM A 853, and the fabric subsequently zinc coated by the hot-dip process. While his initial idea was to use welded wire sheets as fences, by 1906 catalogues were advertis- Historical Data on Wire, Triangular Wire Fabric/ Mesh and Welded Wire Concrete Reinforcement Introduction To: Architects, Structural Engineers, Contractors and Building Owners We receive many technical inquiries on old wire spacings, wire sizes and descriptions. Machines are used to produce the mesh with precise dimensional control. 1). Explore the essential guide to reinforcing concrete slabs, focusing on welded wire mesh, rebar, and fiber reinforcement. org The size of wires in welded wire mesh is designated in the same manner. Special fabrics, consisting of any combination of reinforcement sizes, pitches, widths and lengths to suit a particular customer’s needs, are also available. Welded wire mesh is an extremely versatile product that can come as coils or flat panels. 2—Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars 3. There are a few standard sizes for welded wire fabric panels, including 1000x2000mm, 1200x2400mm, 1600x2000mm, and 2000x3000mm. Note 1: Welded wire for concrete reinforcement has historically been described by various terms: welded wire fabric, WWF, fabric, and mesh. 2” – steplessly adjustable min. A variant of Welded Wire Mesh is known as Welded Wire Fabric (WWF) or Reinforcement Mesh Fabric. For any query, call us on +1 604-267-0255. Plain wires, deformed wires or a combination of both may be used in welded wire fabric. Compared to standard methods of placing loose, individual pieces of steel t ra n s v erse wires are 8 inches apart . 9 W/D 31. This reinforcement is especially critical in areas subject to heavy loads or dynamic forces. 1. Diameter: Area (in. S. Reinforcing bars are typically produced to eleven pre-defined sizes.
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